Poliantea
Neuropsychological and neuroimaging findings in patients with eating disorders (ED)
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Resumen
Eating Disorders (ED), including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder, represent pathologies of increasing prevalence with significant neurobiological alterations. This review synthesizes neuroimaging findings and neurocognitive profiles associated with these disorders. Functional and structural studies demonstrate alterations in regions such as orbitofrontal cortex, insula, amygdala, hippocampus, and frontal structures, with specific patterns according to each disorder. The neurocognitive profile reveals predominant deficits in cognitive flexibility, central coherence, inhibitory control, decision-making, and executive functions. Cognitive Remediation Therapy emerges as a specific neuropsychological intervention, based on neuroplasticity and aimed at restoring affected cognitive functions. The high psychiatric and medical comorbidity, together with neuropsychological complexity, underscores the need for integrated multidisciplinary approaches from the beginning of treatment to improve patient prognosis.