3. Cuadernos Latinoamericanos de Administración - Cosecha
Impact of leadership types in organizations : A systematic literature review
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Resumen
Leadership is one of the most influential factors in an organization, its role in human resource management is essential, resulting in positive aspects such as better performance, affective commitment and satisfaction, while negative aspects may also occur as a consequence of the type of leadership in place. This review aims to identify the types of leadership highlighted in the literature, their characteristics and their impacts/outcomes in organizations. A systematic review was conducted in the Web of Science (WoS) database. As a result, 48 articles were obtained, 16 of which met the inclusion criteria and were presented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. These articles were reviewed and synthesized into the category "Types of leadership", which encompasses subtopics according to each type of leadership identified. 18 types of leadership were identified, namely: Ethical; Servant; Transformational; Authentic; Leader-Member Exchange (LMX)/Relational; Shared/Distributed; Participative or Inclusive; Paternalistic (benevolent, moral and authoritarian); Abusive/Supercontrolling; Narcissistic; Empowering; Transactional; Laissez-Faire; Charismatic; Directive/Autocratic; Health Promoting; Situational/Flexible/Adaptive; and Continuous Quality Improvement. There is no universally correct type of leadership; leaders must adapt their approach to the needs and values of workers, seeking alignment between individual values and those of the organization.