8. Revista Salud Bosque - Cosecha
Clinical and epidemiological characterization of pregnant women with SARS CoV2 infection.
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Resumen
Introduction: Pregnancy is characterized by a state of immunosuppression that, associated with physiological and mechanical changes, predisposes to infections, including those caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Objective: To establish the clinical and epidemiological characterization of pregnant women with SARS CoV2 infection in a second-level and medium-complexity hospital. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study which included pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 was conducted in the 2020-2021 period, identified by ICD-10 codes and reported to SIVIGILA. Results: One hundred eleven (111) pregnant women were analyzed; the mean age was 35 years; 96.40% were from urban areas and 3.60% were from rural areas. The most frequent pathological history was arterial hypertension (7.21%), followed by obesity (5.41%). Adynamia, fever, headache, and cough were the most commonly reported symptoms, leading to 65.59% hospitalization and the discharge of the remaining patients. The diagnosis of COVID-19 occurred at a gestational age of 30.2 weeks. Of these, 81.98% underwent hospitalization, 12.61% stayed under emergency observation, 4.50% were in the Adult Intensive Care Unit, and 0.90% were in the Adult Intermediate Care Unit. 4.5% of COVID-19 infections, 81.08% of obstetric causes, and 14.42% of referrals or early pregnancies indicated the need for pregnancy termination. The most frequent delivery was by cesarean section (48.65%). 43.24% gave birth in the context of the SARS-CoV2 infection, 2.08% under 28 weeks, 27.08% between 29 and 36 weeks, and 70.83% over 37 weeks. 90.09% of the patients received discharge, while 4.50% required referrals. The mortality reported in this study was 5.41% associated with sepsis, pneumonia, and ventilatory failure. Conclusions: The pandemic has had a significant impact on pregnancy. COVID-19 disease has a special connotation of severity, favored by the physiological changes that aggravate the disease in the pregnant woman.