Medicina Veterinaria · 2019

Factores reproductivos y metabólicos que intervienen en el proceso de la ovulación de la yegua

The mare has for years been able to be a model of reproduction research of importance in veterinary medicine, over time great advances have been made on the hormonal and metabolic actions involved during the estrous cycle and crucially at the time of ovulation. The equine species has unique characteristics that make necessary the precise knowledge of the events that lead to the ovulation and maturation of the oocyte, all in order to achieve an adequate reproductive management. Close to ovulation, a series of hormonal and metabolic changes are carried out, which are crucial for the successful rupture of the follicular wall. This happens thanks to a gradual and progressive increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) and is characterized by the activation of several systems including endonucleases. This initial apoptotic surge occurs due to indiscriminate DNA degeneration and cell lysis, extravasation of blood cells, vascular collapse and local ischemia. In addition, proteolysis and cell removal cause a progressive narrowing of the ovarian wall, with the consequent formation of stigma and rupture of the follicular wall. Given the importance of the role played by hormonal and metabolic mechanisms in ovulation, it is necessary to collect information on the interaction between them, thus reconstructing a general panorama in order to understand the unleashing of this important event, thus being able to intervene in a way appropriate in the reproductive cycle of mares

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