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Intelligent System for Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture: An electronic approach to Sustainable Farming
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Resumen
Pest control is an essential activity in agriculture to ensure optimal crop performance and prevent threats. In this context, Integrated Pest Management (IPM) emerges as a strategy to manage crops, lawns, or indoor spaces, curbing the pest proliferation. This article introduces a novel approach to automated integrated pest management by combining the rational behavior of intelligent agents with Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The design and implementation of a cyber-physical system based on the concept of intelligent agents for integrated pest management in crops are presented. The system allows real-time data acquisition through electronic traps connected to a wireless sensor network based on LoRaWAN™, a low-power, wide-area network protocol built upon LoRa™ radio modulation. Communication, hardware, and software systems are developed, encompassing both on-site and remote monitoring from other locations through a central Internet-connected station. The developed system allows efficient space-time monitoring of pests and insects, enabling the identification and localization of infestation hotspots in the field. This precise and focused detection capability reduces the need for widespread treatments, optimizing resource usage, and minimizing environmental impact. This cyber-physical system represents a significant advancement in integrated pest management, providing a technological and sustainable solution to enhance agricultural productivity and contribute to more efficient and responsible agriculture.