Licenciatura en Biología

Diseño de una estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza de la palinología de macro hongos presentes en la hacienda Atahualpa (Usme, Bogotá) con estudiantes de grado octavo

Resumen

The purpose of this research was to design a didactic strategy for teaching macrofungal palynology to eighth-grade students at the Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento District Educational Institution. The study employed a mixed-methods approach (qualitative and quantitative), with a descriptive component focused on the taxonomic identification of macrofungi present at the Atahualpa Estate (Usme, Bogotá) and a developmental component centered on the design and implementation of didactic materials. Through sampling during the dry and wet seasons, direct observation, and palynological analysis of spores (mounted with lactophenol blue and KOH), 15 macrofungal taxa were identified, distributed across two phyla (93.3% Basidiomycota, 6.7% Ascomycota) and six orders, with Agaricales predominating (53%), followed by Geastrales and Polyporales (13% each). Based on this biological characterization, a laboratory teaching guide was structured, grounded in the criteria of Estévez and Sierra (2004), and implemented in five sessions that integrated an exploration of prior knowledge, theoretical foundations, laboratory practice, the creation of scientific posters, and the sharing of results. Evaluation using a rubric revealed significant student progress, as they moved from fragmented knowledge about fungi and spores to a high level of morphological description and understanding of the ecological role of these organisms. The results confirm the value of palynology as a complementary tool to traditional macroscopic taxonomy and demonstrate the effectiveness of a teaching strategy based on inquiry and practical work for teaching mycological concepts in secondary education.

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