Ingeniería Química · 2021

Evaluación de la modificación de almidón de cáscara de plátano (musa balbisiana) por el método de oxidación para la obtención de una película bioplástica

In the search for new biodegradable materials as an alternative to mitigate environmental contamination, this project evaluated the elaboration of a bioplastic from oxidized starch of banana peels. For this purpose, films of fruit starch and banana peel (Musa balbisiana) were manufactured, which were modified by oxidation with oxidizing agents such as sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) at concentrations of 0.75%, 1.5% and 3% w/w. The experimental development was carried out in three stages, firstly, the conditions of starch extraction were established, evaluating different antibrowning solutions, washing and drying processes, later on, film formation parameters were defined, for which different mass relations between water and starch were analyzed, as well as the addition of glycerin and the gelling temperature. Finally, it was carried out the starch modification by the oxidation method for the elaboration of the films, which were characterized from the evaluation of properties such as density, humidity, water absorption, solubility, biodegradability and color. The results obtained indicate that the type of oxidizing agent does not significantly influence the physicochemical properties of the obtained films, but it does in the optical ones, since the sample oxidized with potassium permanganate (KMnO4) at 0.75% presents a higher whiteness index..

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