Artículos de Revista en Ingeniería · 2026
Techno-economic analysis of PV-based hydrogen production in Colombia : Policy perspectives on market competitiveness
To support the development of Colombia’s green hydrogen economy, this work analyzes the competitiveness of photovoltaic (PV)-electrolyzer systems. We contrast a direct-coupling system against a grid-connected configuration where PV energy is exported and hydrogen is produced via grid imports. We demonstrate that suboptimal sizing poses a critical risk to project viability, whereas proper system sizing—informed by stochastic modeling of solar and electricity prices—is essential to optimize operational efficiency and extract the maximum value from the investment. Case studies using data from Medellín reveal that green hydrogen requires a selling price of $3.2/kg to create value; below this threshold, direct electricity sales offer superior returns. Furthermore, to align with the Colombia 2030 Hydrogen Roadmap—targeting 1–3 GW of capacity and 120 kt of demand—production costs must drop to $1.7/kg. These findings provide a quantitative basis for policymakers to design effective incentives and for investors to strategize market entry.